The bucket elevator is a continuous conveying machine, suitable for conveying powdery, granular and small lumps of non-grinding and less abrasive materials.
The bucket elevator uses the closed ring-shaped bucket belt that surrounds and is tensioned on the head wheel and the bottom wheel as the traction component, and uses the bucket installed on the bucket belt as the material delivery component, and the material is conveyed through the continuous operation of the bucket belt.
The 7 major structural components of the bucket elevator
The structure of the bucket elevator is mainly composed of a traction member (bucket belt), a hopper (bucket), a machine head, a machine barrel, a machine base, a driving device and a tensioning device and other parts.
The whole bucket elevator has a closed structure formed by the outer casing, the upper part of the casing is the machine head, the middle part is the machine barrel, and the lower part is the machine base.
The barrel can be composed of several sections according to different lifting heights. The internal structure is mainly a bucket belt that surrounds the head wheel of the machine head and the bottom wheel of the machine base to form a closed ring structure. Buckets for carrying materials are installed at regular intervals on the bucket belt.
bucket belt
The bucket belt is the traction component of the bucket elevator, and its function is to carry and transmit power. High strength, good flexibility, low elongation and light weight are required. There are two commonly used canvas belts and rubber belts. The canvas belt is woven with cotton yarn, and is mainly suitable for bucket elevators with small conveying capacity and lifting height, and relatively dry materials and working environment; Lifting machine with large capacity and lifting height.
Dustpan
The bucket is a component that holds and conveys materials. According to different materials, there are metal buckets and plastic buckets. The metal bucket is welded, riveted or stamped with 1~2mm thick steel plate; the plastic bucket is made of polypropylene plastic, which has the advantages of light structure, low cost, wear resistance, and no sparks when it collides with the machine barrel. and other advantages, it is an ideal bucket. Commonly used buckets can be divided into deep buckets, shallow buckets and bottomless buckets according to their shape and structure.
Head wheel and bottom wheel
The head wheel and the bottom wheel are also called the drive wheel and the tension wheel, which are respectively installed on the machine head and the machine base. traction member. The structure of the head wheel and the bottom wheel is the same as the drive wheel and tension wheel of the belt conveyor.
Machine head
The machine head is mainly composed of the machine head shell, head wheel, short shaft, bearing, transmission wheel and discharge port.
Barrel
Commonly used barrels are rectangular double barrels, see Figure 11-11. The machine barrel is usually made of thin steel plate into 1.5-2 m long segments, and the segments are connected by angle steel flanges. When the machine barrel passes through each floor, an observation window should be set at an appropriate position, and an inspection port should be set in the middle of the entire machine barrel.
base
The machine base is mainly composed of the base shell, the bottom wheel, the shaft, the bearing, the tensioning device and the feeding port and other parts.
Drive unit
The driving device of the bucket elevator is set at the head position, and the driving of the bucket elevator is realized through the head wheel; the tensioning device used to realize the tension of the bucket belt and ensure that the bucket has sufficient tension is located on the shell of the machine base; in order to prevent The bucket belt is reversed, and a reverse stop device is installed on the head wheel;
A bucket belt deviation alarm is installed in the machine barrel, which can give an alarm in time when the bucket belt deviates; a speed difference monitor is installed on the bottom wheel shaft to prevent the bucket belt from slipping;
An explosion vent hole is set on the shell of the machine head, which can relieve the pressure of the sealed space in time and prevent the occurrence of dust explosion.
Final Words
Bucket elevator is an important mechanical equipment. It has simple structure, small footprint and large lifting height in use. It is an ideal equipment for coal mine, chemical fertilizer, grain and other industries.