As a common material conveying equipment, belt conveyor is widely used in mining, metallurgy, coal, cement and other industrial fields. Its main function is to transport bulk and bulk materials from one place to another.
The six major components of the belt conveyor
In this article, we will focus on the structural features, applications, advantages and disadvantages of belt conveyors.
adhesive tape (conveyor belt)
As the core component of the conveyor belt (conveyor belt), its working performance and life directly affect the performance and life of the conveyor. At present, the popular tape materials on the market mainly include polyurethane, PVC and rubber, and the choice depends on the material characteristics and working environment. In addition, it is also necessary to select the appropriate parameters such as tape width, thickness and strength according to factors such as the amount of material conveyed.
The belt (conveyor belt) is an important component for carrying, transmitting power and conveying materials. Ordinary and light rubber conveyor belts are commonly used in grain and feed processing plants. It is composed of several layers of rubberized canvas belts, a core layer after vulcanization and cementation, and rubber covering layers on the upper and lower surfaces. Its specifications and sizes are mainly tape width, and the standard values are generally 300mm, 400mm, 500mm, 650mm, 800mm, 1000mm, 1200mm, etc. There are two types of connection methods for rubber conveyor belts: vulcanization connection method and mechanical connection method.
Supporting device
The support device is mainly composed of rollers, brakes, brackets, support frames and other components, and is responsible for supporting the conveyor belt.
The function of the supporting device is to support the conveyor belt and the material to prevent the conveyor belt from sagging. Its structure is shown in Figure 11-2. It is mainly composed of two parts, the bracket and the idler, and the idler can rotate with the advancement of the conveyor belt. Commonly used support devices include single-section straight type and multi-section trough type. The former is used to transport packaging materials and the unloaded branch (lower roller) of the conveyor, and the latter is used to transport bulk materials.
Driving wheel, tensioning wheel
The structure of the drive wheel mainly includes shafts, bearings and rollers. The roller is composed of a belt roller and a driving drum, which is responsible for supporting the belt and driving it to run. Their function is to support, drive and tension the conveyor belt.
Drive device
The driving device of the belt conveyor is composed of a motor, a coupling, a reduction transmission mechanism and a driving wheel. The driving device is mainly responsible for driving the belt to run, and its function is to transmit power to realize the continuous operation of the conveyor belt.
tensioning device
The tensioning device includes a rolling tensioning device and a weight tensioning device, etc., which are mainly responsible for maintaining the stability of the tape tension.
The tensioning device is used to realize the tension of the conveyor belt and ensure that the conveyor belt has sufficient tension. It is installed on the tensioning wheel at the tail of the conveyor. In engineering practice, there are slider type screw tensioning device and trolley type tensioning device. The former is generally used for mobile belt conveyors, and the latter is used for larger tension. Fixed belt conveyor.
Feeding and unloading device
When transporting packaged materials, use an inclined plate for feeding and unloading, and a baffle for intermediate unloading; when transporting bulk materials, use a feed hopper and unloading hopper for feeding and unloading, and a discharge trolley for intermediate unloading.
In conclusion
The belt conveyor is a kind of efficient and energy-saving material conveying equipment. Its structural distribution is reasonable and reliable, which can realize efficient material conveying and is widely used.